|
Rembrandt
Harmenszoon van Rijn
1606-1669:
Chronology
|
The Artist in his Studio
1626-28
Oil on canvas, 25,5 x 32 cm
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
___________
|
| |
1606
Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn born on 15 th July in Leiden,
the eighth of nine children to Neeltje van Suijttbroeck and her
husband, Harmen Gerritsz van Rijn.
|
| |
1613—1620
Rembrandt's parents, having had all his brothers trained as
craftsmen, send him alone to the school for Latin.
After seven years' schooling, Rembrandt enrols in the Philosophical
Faculty of Leiden University to study Classics.
|
| |
1622-1624
He abandons his studies after a shott time, starting a period of
instruction under the Italy-trained painter Jacob Isaacsz van
Swanenburgh. However, he is influenced to a considerably greater
extent by the succeeding apprenticeship of six months under Pieter
Lastman, the Amsterdam artist of history paintings.
|
| |
1625-1628
Return to Leiden and foundation of his own studio in conjunction
with Jan Lievens.
Rembrandt produces history paintings, initially following Lastman's
models; in addition, he executes physiognomical studies, resulting
in numerous self-portraits, together with engravings and etchings,
for which Callot's engravings partly provide the inspiration.
|
| |
1628
Constantijn Huygens, the widely educated secretary of the governor,
Prince Frederik Hendrick, comes to Leiden, and develops great
interest in Rembrandt and his art.
|
| |
___________
|
|
|
An Old Woman: The Artist's Mother
1629
Oil on panel, 61,3 x 47,3 cm
Royal Collection, Windsor
___________
|
| |
1629-1630
Huygens' patronage leads to commissions and initial successes, as
two works by Rembrandt are purchased by the English Crown and many
copies of his paintings Judas Returning the Thirty Pieces of
Silver and The Raising of Lazarus are soon to
be found.
|
| |
1630
His father dies on 27th April.
|
| |
1631
Inspired by his initial success and drawn by the up-and-coming
capital, Rembrandt moves to Amsterdam, where he lives in the house
of Uylenburgh, the art-dealer, in the Breestraat, soon making a name
for himself as a portrait painter of well-to-do Amsterdam
patricians.
|
| |
1632
Thanks to Huygens' mediation, Prince Frederik Hendrick acquires a
number of paintings and commissions the Passion cycle. In addition,
Rembrandt receives the commission to paint a portrait of Dr.
Nicolaes Tulp, the surgeon, which he completes before the year's
end. A total of thirty paintings result in the course of this year.
|
|
___________
|
|
The Ship of Fortune
1633
The University of Michigan Museum of Art
___________
|
| |
1634
Rembrandt marries Saskia van Uylenburgh, niece of the
Amsterdam art-dealer and daughter of a wealthy patrician, on 2nd
July. He becomes a member of the Guild of St. Luke, in order that he
may train pupils and apprentices as a self-employed master. The
names of eight of the pupils working in his studio are still famous
today, among them Ferdinand Bol and Govert Fhnck.
|
| |
1635
Baptism on 15th December of Rembrandt's first son, Rumbertus, who
dies after only a few months.
Work on the paintings Samson Threatening his Father-in-law,
The Abduction of Ganymede and The Sacrifice of Isaac.
|
| |
1636
The Van Rijns move into the Nieuwe Doelenstraat, where Rembrandt
begins to deal in works of art and start an encyclopaedic collection
of exotic items, scientific and historical objects, and animals and
plants.
He paints The Feast of Belshazzar, The Blinding of Samson
and, in the course of the following years, a series of portraits
depicting Saskia, among them the double portrait The
Prodigal Son in the Tavern.
|
| |
1638
After Saskia's relations accuse her of squandering money, Rembrandt
initiates legal proceedings. Baptism of their first daughter,
bearing the name Cornelia; she, too, dies after a short time.
|
|
___________
|
El
puente de piedra
___________
|
| |
1639
On 5th January Rembrandt purchases a new house in the Breestraat,
undertaking to pay it off within five to six years. Completion of
the fifth and last picture for the Passion cycle.
|
| |
1640
Baptism on 29th July of their second daughter named Cornelia, who
likewise dies shortly afterwards; Rembrandt's mother dies one month
later. He begins to paint landscapes and to engrave.
|
| |
1641
Baptism on 22nd September of their son Titus.
|
| |
1642
Following the completion of The Night Watch,
Saskia's death, on 14th June, results in a caesura and crisis in
Rembrandt's life. So as to relieve the widowed father, Geertge Dircx
and - in the summer of the same year - Hendrickje Stoffels
join the household. Rembrandt commences work on his most famous
etching, the 100 Guilder Print. His
graphic works are met with ever-increasing popularity and are
frequently copied and reproduced in engravings, especially for
altarpieces.
|
|
___________
|
|
Jews in the Synagogue
1648
___________
|
| |
1649
Geertge quarrels repeatedly with Rembrandt, and finally takes him to
court on the grounds of an unfulfilled promise of marriage.
Hendrickje testifies against the plaintiff.
Geertge is sentenced to several years in the prison at Gouda.
|
| |
1652
Antonio Ruffo, the Sicilian patron, awards Rembrandt the commission
for the painting Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of
Homer; it is completed in the following year.
|
| |
1653
Despite numerous commissions, the fees from pupils and the proceeds
from etchings, Rembrandt's debts are such as to compel him to
continue to borrow money.
|
|
___________
|
|
Landscape
1654
___________
|
| |
1654
Hendrickje is summoned before the Amsterdam Council of the
Reformed Church, which reprimands her for immoral cohabitation with
Rembrandt.
The third daughter to bear the name Cornelia is baptized on 30th
October.
|
| |
1656
The title of the house is transferred to Titus' name on 17th
May. Shortly thereafter, Rembrandt is declared bankrupt.
|
| |
1657-1658
Rembrandt's house and collections are auctioned; however, the sum
thereby raised is insufficient to cover his debts. He moves into the
Roozengracht, where he leads a secluded life along with Mennonite
and Jewish friends. Louys Crayers becomes Titus' guardian; after a
long court case, he is successful in his attempt to have the boy's
part of the inheritance returned to him from his bankrupt father's
estate.
|
| |
1660
Titus and Hendrickje employ Rembrandt in their art
shop. Despite leading a secluded existence, he maintains many
contacts.
He continues to keep pupils occupied and execute commissions, such
as the portrait of the board members of the Amsterdam Clothmakers'
Guild, The Staalmeesters, which he completes in 1662.
|
|
___________
|
|
Paisaje con Castillo
___________
|
| |
1661
Antonio Ruffo purchases the painting of Alexander the Great
and commissions a portrait of Homer.
|
| |
1663
Death of Hendrickje.
|
|
___________
|
Christ Seated Disputing with the Doctors
1654
___________
|
| |
1665
Titus reaches majority and receives his inheritance.
Rembrandt is occupied with The Jewish Bride.
|
| |
1668
Titus marries Magdalena van Loo on 10th February, but dies
half a year later and is buried on 7th September.
|
| |
1669
Rembrandt now lives at the house of his daughter-in-law, and becomes
godfather to his first granddaughter on 22nd March.
He dies on 4th October,
without having completed the painting Simeon with the Christ
Child in the Temple.
|
