Cassius Marcellus Coolidge
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Cassius Marcellus Coolidge (September 18, 1844–January 13, 1934) was
a United States painter best known for a series of nine paintings of
anthropomorphized Dogs Playing Poker.
Born in upstate New York to abolitionist Quaker farmers, Coolidge was
known to friends and family as "Cash." While he had no formal training
as an artist his natural aptitude for drawing led him to create cartoons
for his local newspaper when in his twenties. He is credited with
creating Comic Foregrounds, life-size cutouts into which one's head was
placed so as to be photographed as an amusing character.
In 1903, Coolidge contracted with the advertising firm of Brown &
Bigelow of St. Paul, Minnesota, to create sixteen oil paintings of dogs
in various human poses.
Nine of them depict dogs playing poker. On February 15, 2005, two of
these much imitated paintings, A Bold Bluff and Waterloo, went on the
auction block expecting to fetch between $30,000 and $50,000 but
surprisingly sold for $590,400. The auction set an auction record for
Coolidge, whose previous top sale was $74,000.
In 1910 Coolidge painted "Looks Like Four of a Kind" in the same
style as his earlier "Dogs Playing Poker" series.
His paintings inspired American illustrator Arthur Sarnoff who is
famous for his Dogs Playing Pool style paintings, and hundreds of other
imitators.