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Visual History of the World
(CONTENTS)
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The Ancient World
ca. 2500 B.C. - 900 A.D.
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The epics of Homer, the wars
of Caesar, and temples and palaces characterize the image of classic
antiquity and the cultures of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.
They are the sources from which the Western world draws the
foundations of its philosophy, literature, and, not least of all,
its state organization. The Greek city-states, above all Athens,
were the birthplace of democracy. The regions surrounding the
Mediterranean Sea and great parts of Northwest Europe were forged
together into the Roman Empire, which survived until the time of the
Great Migration of Peoples. Mighty empires also existed beyond the
ancient Mediterranean world, however, such as those of the Mauryas
in India and the Han in China.
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Alexander the Great
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The Nomad Empires of the
Eurasian Steppes
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3RD CENTURY B.C.- 7TH CENTURY A.D.
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St Ursula before the King of the
Huns
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Saint Ursula
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Saint Ursula ("small female bear" in Latin) is a British Christian
saint. Her feast day in the Roman Catholic Church is October 21. Because
of the lack of sure information about the anonymous group of holy
virgins who on some uncertain date were killed at Cologne, their
commemoration was omitted from the Roman Catholic calendar of saints for
universal liturgical celebration, when this was revised in 1969, but
they have been kept in the Roman Martyrology, the official, though
incomplete, list of saints of the Roman Catholic Church.
Her legend, probably unhistorical, is that she was a Romano-British
princess who, at the request of her father King Donaut of Dumnonia in
south-west England, set sail to join her future husband, the pagan
Governor Conan Meriadoc of Armorica (Brittany), along with 11,000
virginal handmaidens. However, a miraculous storm brought them over the
sea in a single day to a Gaulish port, where Ursula declared that before
her marriage she would undertake a pan-European pilgrimage. She headed
for Rome, with her followers, and persuaded the Pope, Cyriacus (unknown
in the pontifical records), and Sulpicius, Bishop of Ravenna, to join
them. After setting out for Cologne, which was being besieged by Huns,
all the virgins were beheaded in a dreadful massacre. The Huns' leader
shot Ursula dead, supposedly in 383 .
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Caravaggio
The King of the Huns transfixing Saint Ursula with an arrow after she
refused to marry him
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Rubens
The Martyrdom of St.Ursula and the eleven thousand maidens
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St. Ursula
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Benozzo Gozzoli
Saint Ursula with Two Angels and a Donor
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Carlo Crivelli
Saint Ursula
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St Ursula before the King of the Huns
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Vittore Carpaccio
Arrival of St Ursula in Cologne During the Siege by the Huns
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Vittore Carpaccio
Glory of St Ursula
about 1491
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Vittore Carpaccio
Dream of St Ursula
about 1495
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Hans Memling, The
Martyrdom of Saint Ursula
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St Ursula Shrine 1489
Memlingmuseum, Sint-Janshospitaal, Bruges
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St Ursula Shrine 1489
Memlingmuseum, Sint-Janshospitaal, Bruges
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St Ursula Shrine: St Ursula anad
the Holy Virgins
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St Ursula Shrine: Arrival in Cologne
(scene 1)
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St Ursula Shrine: Arrival in Basle
(scene 2)
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St Ursula Shrine: Arrival in Rome
(scene 3)
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St Ursula Shrine: Departure from Basle
(scene 4)
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St Ursula Shrine: Martyrdom
(scene 5)
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St Ursula Shrine: Martyrdom
(scene 6)
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Saint Ursula
Christian martyr
flourished 4th century, Rome; feast day October 21
Legendary leader of 11 or 11,000 virgins reputedly martyred at
Cologne, now in Germany, by the Huns, 4th-century nomadic invaders of
southeastern Europe. The story is based on a 4th- or 5th-century
inscription from St. Ursula’s Church, Cologne, stating that an ancient
basilica had been restored on the site where some holy virgins were
killed. Mentioned again in an 8th- or 9th-century sermon, the number of
maidens increased to several thousand, reportedly martyred under the
Roman emperor Maximian. In Jacobus de Voragine’s Legenda Aurea (1265–66;
Golden Legend) Ursula is a British princess who went to Rome accompanied
by 11,000 virgins and was killed with them by the Huns on the return
from the pilgrimage. The discovery at Cologne in 1155 of an ancient
Roman burial ground believed to contain these martyrs’ relics inspired
additional legends. Ursula is the patron of the Order of St. Ursula (Ursulines),
a congregation of nuns dedicated to educating girls. In the 1969 reform
of the Roman Catholic church calendar her feast day was reduced to
observances in certain localities.
Encyclopaedia Britannica
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